Primerjava v resničnem svetu med enojnimi, poli, PERC in dvojnimi PV moduli.
* This is a field test and the results are specific for this installation on this location please research which is the best solution for your own situation as the results can be different based on environmental influences.
Total solar yield as of 27/03/2023 when the results were reset:
Mono: 9158 kWh
Split-cell: 9511 kWh
Poly: 9113 kWh
Perc: 9471 kWh
Perc-east: 1970 kWh
Perc-west: 1730 kWh
Motorni križarji so inženirske mojstrovine. Udobje doma je preneseno v kompaktni prostor na jahti. To težko prisluženo razkošje želite uživati do popolnosti, ne glede na to, kje boste. Victron zagotavlja inteligentno električno omrežje, ki se prilagaja vsem izzivom, v katere lahko zaplujete. Zato se lahko resnično naslonite na ležalnik.
Ne glede na to ali boste šli z družino čez vikend na potovanje po otokih ali pa se boste za en teden zasidrali v čudovitem zalivu, to je vaš dopust in lahko počnete karkoli vam srce poželi. S tem se optimalna energetska rešitev spreminja od jahte do jahte ter od lastnika do lastnika. Z napravami Victron lahko poganjate skoraj vse načrte, toda za primer smo vam v nadaljevanju ponazorili ‘normalne’ in ‘težje’ profile napajanja za ‘povprečne’ motorne križarje.
Poglejmo si vaš optimalen energetski načrt, ki omogoča, da se vse to uresniči.
Motorni križar ne bi bil popoln brez veliko električne opreme. Večina stvari, ki se uporablja za upravljanje čolna, običajno uporablja enosmerni tok, večji (gospodinjski) aparati pa potrebujejo izmenični tok. Koliko energije znaša to v celoti? Ne glejte samo na vate. Mikrovalovna pečica lahko porabi 1000 vatov, vendar le za 4 minute. Kombinirani hladilnik/zamrzovalnik lahko porabi le 100 vatov, vendar pa je vklopljen 24 ur na dan.
Za inspirativne namene smo opisali 2 sistemska primera na osnovi ‘normalne’ in ‘težje’ uporabe.
Mikrovalovna pečica porabi 1000 W na uro, vendar le za 4 minute.
1000W / 60 x 4 = 0.067 kWh / day
Kombinirani hladilnik/zamrzovalnik porabi 84 W na uro, vendar je priključen cel dan (normalno hladi ½ dneva).
84 W x 24 ur/2 = 1 kWh / dan
Motorni križar potrebuje dobro shranjevanje energije in močno pretvorbo v 230 V. Če polnite baterijske sklope iz motorjev, vam ni treba vklopiti hrupnega generatorja, če ste čez noč zasidrani na morju. Ker boste morda za nekaj dni zasidrani na mestu, bi moral imeti vaš osrednji akumulator ogromno zmogljivosti. Shranjevanje energije na splošno izračunavamo v poteku 48 ur na krovu brez uporabe električne energije z obrežja/motorja/generatorja/sonca.
Zmogljivost shranjevanja litijevega akumulatorja mora biti dvakrat večja od dnevne porabe električne energije.
Zaradi ±50 % manjše zmogljivosti praznjenja, mora biti zmogljivost shranjevanja svinčeno-kislinskega akumulatorja štiri krat večja od dnevne porabe električne energije.
Inverter(ji) naj bodo tako veliki, da lahko neprekinjeno prenesejo povprečno obremenitev in morajo ustrezati pričakovanemu toku konične moči obremenitve, pri čemer naši inverterji zelo dobro delujejo (v povprečju 2 x njihovega neprekinjenega toka).
Normalni in težji profili električne energije v kWh, na osnovi dnevne porabe energije, ki mora biti v ravnovesju s proizvodnjo.
Shranjevanje baterij v Ah, dvakratna zmogljivost z uporabo svinčeno-kislinskih akumulatorjev.
Kako se vidik električne energije prenese v sistem?
Everything you would expect in a home can also be found on a motor cruiser. All these devices need AC to run. Think of:
The Cyrix BatteryCombiner is the only safe way to connect the house battery to the starter battery (to start your boat’s engines). With a BatteryCombiner you can charge the house battery from the alternator without running the risk of draining the starter battery (which always should be ready to go). When other sources of power are available (eg. shore/solar/generator power), the Cyrix BatteryCombiner will allow bi-directional charging from the house battery to the starter battery.
When the Voltages of the starter and house batteries are the same, use a Cyrix: its current rating should be equal or bigger than the current rating of the alternator.
If the house battery is Lithium and the alternators Amperage is smaller than the house battery, or when the Voltages of the starter and house battery are different: use a DC-DC converter or Buck-Boost.
Battery management systems take excellent care of Lithium batteries, protecting the individual cells of LiFePO4 batteries against over voltage, under voltage and over temperature and will shut down or reduce charging (VE.Bus products only) or disconnect the loads when this occurs.
Victron Energy offers several BMS options, in general the VE.Bus BMS and smallBMS signal separate devices to disconnect the charging (Inverter/Chargers, Cyrix-Li, DC-DC chargers) or disconnect the loads (BatteryProtect, Inverter/Charger), the modular Lynx distribution system features the Lynx BMS and other modules for more control over the DC busbar. For vehicles and boats all-in-one functionalities are available in the Smart BMS versions for Victron Lithium batteries, but also include current limiting to protect the alternator from overheating and BatteryProtect-like functionality to shut down the loads when pre-set critical battery conditions are met.
Victron Energy also offers full flexibility when it comes to selecting a third-party off-grid battery bank (and their BMS) of choice. A large number of well supported Lithium battery manufacturers can be easily integrated through the use of a mandatory GX-device. This flexibility enables our customers to perfectly match their off-grid needs for their unique power situation. When working with unsupported brands, a Victron Energy Battery Monitor is required to pass on accurate state of charge readings to the wider system.
Oglejte si vse naše sisteme za upravljanje akumulatorjev
Discharging your battery too far will damage it. Adding a Victron BatteryProtect will disconnect the boat’s electronics when the battery voltage drops below a pre-set level. It will also automatically reconnect everything when the battery is sufficiently recharged.
There is more to a Victron BatteryProtect. The built-in shutdown delay ensures that vital electronics aren’t disconnected in error, i.e. when starting the engine causes a short drop in battery voltage.
Monitor akumulatorja je kot "merilec goriva" za vaš akumulator. Zapisuje, koliko električne energije se porabi in napolni. Monitor akumulatorja izračuna stanje napolnjenosti, preostalo zasedenost in čas do praznjenja. Napetost akumulatorja ne daje točne navedbe o tem, kako poln je akumulator (še posebej ne pod obremenitvijo). Monitor akumulatorja to daje.
Monitorji akumulatorjev Victron Energy spremljajo pretekle podatke, kot je število ciklov polnjenja, najgloblje praznjenje, najvišja napetost, najnižja napetost in tako dalje. Opozoril vas bo na kritične pogoje, kot so nizka napetost ali nizka napolnjenost in lahko celo izklopi celotno oskrbo z električno energijo, da bi se izognili dragim poškodbam akumulatorja ali zagonu generatorja.
Victron nudi monitorje za akumulator z ali brez zaslona, različice Smart omogočajo spremljanje podrobnih podatkov in prilagajanje nastavitev v naši brezplačni aplikaciji VictronConnect.
Večina litijevih sistemov potrebuje sistem za upravljanje akumulatorjev, ki lahko dovaja informacije o akumulatorju širšemu sistemu. Na tej poti lahko postane monitor akumulatorja odvečen. Za več informacij si oglejte sistem za upravljanje akumulatorjev. Oglejte si vse naše monitorje akumulatorja
Keeping grips on all the systems on board can be a hassle. The solution: tie everything together in a single boat network using NMEA communication standards. Your boat network can include navigation equipment, tank senders, battery monitoring and much more. The status information can trigger alarms and shutdowns, adding to the safety on board. The Cerbo GX now supports the NMEA2000 out protocol, allowing you to monitor your boat’s network of systems from wherever you are.
Motor cruisers have one or two diesel engines to get from harbour to horizon. The engines are designed to run continuously, for days on end. They also come with high-output alternators to charge the engine batteries, drive fuel pumps, etc.
Once the starter batteries are recharged, the engines can also power the boat electrics and recharge the house battery. On motor cruiser you’ll find power hungry DC equipment such as anchor windlasses and bow thrusters. The engines have to be running before you can use them.
A motor cruiser is packed with dozens of electrical devices. These are all connected to the house battery. Think of:
The Buck-Boost converter is used in dual battery systems, where the (smart) alternator and the start battery are used to charge the service battery (of equal or different voltages). The Buck-boost can be used in 12V or 24V systems and is suitable for both lead acid and lithium batteries.
Charging lithium batteries from the alternator
Alternators cannot be connected directly to most lithium batteries. A lithium battery will draw more current than the alternator can supply, which may result in alternator damage. A Buck-Boost DC/DC converter solves this problem: it acts as a current limiter between the alternator and the battery.
How to select a Buck-Boost? The current rating of the DC/DC converter has to be less than the alternator’s current rating. For example: pair a 50 Amps converter with a 60 Amps alternator. In the software the ideal throughput can be defined.
When the charging capacity exceeds the limits of the Buck-Boost, consider working with DC-DC generator(s) sized to the capacity of the battery bank.
The Victron Cerbo GX is the communication-centre of your boat’s installation, allowing you to always have perfect control from wherever you are and maximises its performance. Simply connect through our Victron Remote Management (VRM) portal, or access directly, using the optional GX Touch 50 screen, a Multi Functional Display or our VictronConnect app thanks to its added Bluetooth capability.
The Victron Cerbo GX is an easy to use visual system. Instantly monitor the battery state of charge, power consumption, power harvest from PV, generator, and mains, or check tank levels and temperature measurements. Easily control the shore power input current limit, (auto)start/stop generator(s) or even set quiet periods to avoid starting the generator in the middle of the night. Change any setting to optimise the system, follow up on alerts, perform diagnostic checks and resolve challenges remotely. The Cerbo GX turns any power challenge into an effortless experience.
A galvanic isolator prevents electrolytic corrosion. The isolator is mounted directly behind the shore power connector on board. It blocks DC currents that might leak through the shore power earth terminal. These currents can cause corrosion to all metal parts under water, like the hull, propeller, shaft, etc. The galvanic isolator should have the same power rating as the incoming shore power.
It’s a misunderstanding that galvanic corrosion occurs only in metal and aluminium hulls. In fact it can occur on any boat as soon as a metallic part (the shaft and propeller) is in contact with water. Galvanic corrosion will quickly dissolve your sacrificial anodes, and attack the shaft, propeller and other metal parts in contact with water as soon as the boat is connected to the shore-side supply. It might therefore be tempting not to connect the ground conductor: this is however extremely dangerous because Ground Fault Current Interrupters will not work nor will a fuse blow in case of a short circuit to a metal part on the boat.
The safe option is to use a Galvanic Isolator for non-metal smaller boats, or use an isolation transformer for metal boats or boats with bigger systems.
The generator provides energy when shore power is not available and the boat’s engines aren’t running (or can’t supply enough power to meet the demand). The generator is usually supplemented with a inverter/charger and a battery bank. The batteries act as a backup and allow for quiet periods at night.
Thanks to Victron’s PowerAssist, the generator doesn’t have to be sized for the maximum load. You can use a smaller generator which is cheaper to install, uses less fuel and produces less noise. The inverter automatically bridges the potential gap between supply and demand with support of the battery bank.
Modul GX 4G bo vašemu sistemu Victron Energy dodal mobilno internetno povezljivost. Ko je vaš sistem v dosegu omrežja 4G , bo poslal podatke na spletno mesto VRM in sistem lahko spremljate s pametnim telefonom. Modul dodaja GPS sledenje, beleži vaše izlete in postavitev geografske virtualne meje okrog vaše namestitve. Ko bo sistem potoval izven vaše geografske virtualne meje, boste prejeli opozorilo po pošti.
Victron Energy nudi več 4G modulov in modem GlobalLink 520, ki deluje brez mesečnih pristojbin ali naročnin za prvih pet let in več 4G modulov. Oglejte si naše 4G modeme Oglejte si naš GlobalLink 520
The Victron GX GSM is a 3G cellular modem that enables GX devices with mobile internet for the system and connection to the VRM Portal, allowing you to monitor your system from remote. When the boat is in range of a 3G network, it will send data to the VRM website and you can monitor the boat from your smartphone. The GSM module adds tracking the boat, recording your trips and putting up a geo-fence around the boat. You will get an alert via mail when the boat travels outside the geo-fence area.
Victron Energy Cerbo GX je komunikacijsko središče vaših sistemov namestitve, ki vam vedno omogočajo popoln nadzor ne glede kje se nahajate in povečajo njegovo zmogljivost. Izbirni GX Touch 50 je spremljevalec naprave Cerbo GX, ki je pet palčni prikazovalnik z zaslonom na dotik, ki prikazuje takojšen pregled vašega sistema in v trenutku omogoča prilagajanje nastavitev.
Takoj spremljate stanje napolnjenosti akumulatorja, porabo električne energije, zbiranje energije iz PV, generatorja in omrežja ali preverite nivo rezervoarja in meritve temperature. Enostavno nadzirajte omejitev vhodnega toka električne energije z obrežja, (samodejni) vklop/izklop generatorjev ali celo nastavite mirna obdobja, da preprečite vklop generatorja sredi noči. Spremenite katerokoli nastavitev za optimiziranje sistema, spremljajte opozorila, izvajajte diagnostične preglede in daljinsko rešujte izzive z brezplačnim portalom Daljinsko upravljanje Victron (VRM).
Cerbo GX je vizualni sistem, enostaven za uporabo, ki spremeni vsak izziv električne energije v preprosto izkušnjo. Enostavno se povežite z našim portalom Daljinsko upravljanje Victron (VRM) ali dostopajte neposredno s pomočjo zaslona GX Touch 50, večnamenskega zaslona ali naše aplikacije VictronConnect, zahvaljujoč svoji dodani Bluetooth zmogljivosti.
The house battery stores power for the boat’s electrical system. Motor cruisers typically have large power demands and the house battery should have a generous capacity.
For a house battery you can choose from two types: lead-acid and lithium. There are various reasons to favour one over the other. Here are a few common ones:
|
|
The house battery stores power for the boat’s electrical system. Motor cruisers typically have large power demands and the house battery should have a generous capacity.
For a house battery you can choose from two types: lead-acid and lithium. There are various reasons to favour one over the other. Here are a few common ones:
|
|
On motor cruisers you’ll need an intelligent inverter/charger that automatically switches between various sources to cater for all power needs.
In the marina shore power will be used to feed the boat’s AC grid and charge the batteries. When no shore power is available, the batteries will power both the DC and the AC grid. Power can be drawn from the boat’s engines while sailing. If the power demand gets too high or the batteries get low, the generator will kick in to power the load and charge the batteries.
Thanks to PowerAssist, the generator doesn’t have to be sized for the maximum load. You can use a smaller generator which is cheaper to install, uses less fuel and produces less noise.
If you don’t have a generator on board, a Multiplus is all you need. With a generator on board a Quattro is the better choice.
We strongly recommend 24 Volts for new boats. The higher voltage is simply a better choice when it comes to meeting the power demands of a motor cruiser. If your boat’s system is based on 12 Volts, select a 12 Volts unit instead. If you have dissimilar battery banks, consider charging them using a DC-DC converter, or have it power several dissimilar appliances with a different voltage than the house battery.
Generally speaking, a 3 kVA unit will be big enough, unless the power consumption is higher than average. For example: when you have an air conditioner on board. If this is the case, choose a 5 kVA unit.
The Victron integration between our GX range and several leading Multi Functional Display manufacturer brands enables you to easily connect an MDF to the heart of your power system such as the Cerbo GX, or the GX enabled MultiPlus-II GX. Once connected you can easily monitor and control your boat’s power system, right on your Glass Bridge.
Usually shore power is available in the marina; it is used to run large AC equipment on board and recharge the batteries. Larger boats need a three phase supply. Sometimes shore power can’t provide enough power to cater for the total AC load of the boat. It might also just be single phase.
Often shore power is limited in how much power you can draw, i.e. just 10 Amps. Berths with higher ratings might not always be available. Victron inverter/chargers allow you set a maximum shore power current. Now you can charge your batteries and turn on any equipment without blowing a fuse. Thanks to Victron’s PowerAssist, the generator and batteries can automatically bridge the gap between supply and demand.
Sometimes shore power is less than perfect. You might run into voltage drops if you’re at the far end of the harbour. There could also be power surges, which could harm sensitive equipment on board. Victron’s inverter/chargers smooth out these problems and turn bad power into perfect power.
Solar panels won’t be able to cover all the power needed, but they can reduce the running time of the generator and fuel costs.
A solar charger - also called MPPT controller, harvests the power from the solar panels to charge the house battery. Solar chargers have the same charging cycles as our regular, fully automatic, battery chargers. When your boat is moored without shore spower, solar power is a great way to keep the batteries charged.
In a marine environment, the performance of solar panels changes constantly. Victron’s solar controllers use ultra fast maximum power point tracking to squeeze up to 30% more power out of your panels.
See our Solar Calculator to size the solar panels and select a MPPT charger
Solar panels won’t be able to cover all the power needed, but they can reduce the running time of the generator and fuel costs. Victron offers a wide range of highly efficient solar panels that are just perfect for marine use.
The starter battery is needed to start your boat’s engines. These batteries are different from house batteries and engineered to deal with a large discharge current. The starter batteries should be ready to go. Always use a BatteryCombiner to connect the starter batteries to the rest of the electrical system; it prevents an accidental drain of power.
The GX Touch 50 display allows you to have an instant overview of your system and adjust settings in the blink of an eye. Simply connected to the Cerbo GX with one cable, its super slim 5 inch waterproof design and its top-mountable setup bring a lot of flexibility when creating a crisp and clean dashboard.
All Victron products on your boat can be monitored and controlled from the palm of your hand. Just connect the VictronConnect App via Bluetooth and you’ll have direct access to values like battery voltage and current. You can also turn devices on or off, as well as change their settings.
See what the VictronConnect app can do
The Lynx Distributor is a modular DC busbar, with locations for four DC fuses. It will monitor the status of each fuse, and indicate its condition with a LED on the front. When connected to a Lynx Smart BMS or Lynx Shunt, the status of the fuses will be visible in VictronConnect and VRM (when the Lynx Smart BMS is connected to a GX-device).
Multiple Lynx Distributors can be used to connect all the DC-loads and charge sources on one side of the BMS, on the other side, a Lynx Power In (without fuses) or another Lynx Distributor (with fuses) can be used to connect the battery bank to the modular busbar.
Lynx Distribution system
This product is part of the modular Lynx busbar system that also provides the Lynx Smart BMS, a dedicated Battery Management System for Victron Lithium Smart Batteries (for non Victron Lithium batteries, use the Lynx Shunt).
Oglejte si vse module Lynx
Spremljajte in upravljajte svoje sisteme Victron Energy od koder koli in zgodaj odkrijte morebitne težave z nastavitvijo opozoril in alarmov. Z VRM imate vedno popoln nadzor ne glede na to, kje ste.
VRM deluje z napravo GX, kot je Cerbo GX z internetno povezavo, GlobalLink 520 ali GSM LTE 4-g za manjše sisteme.
Spremljajte stanje napolnjenosti akumulatorja, porabo energije, pridobivanje sončne energije, generatorja in omrežja v realnem času. Optimizirajte pridobivanje in uporabo energije z zgodovinskimi grafikoni in podrobnimi analitičnimi poročili. Z nastavitvijo opozoril in spremljanjem alarmov zgodaj prepoznajte morebitne težave, da preprečite dokončno okvaro sistema.
Enostavno nadzirajte omejitev vhodnega toka električne energije z obrežja, stikalo na inverterju, (samodejni) vklop/izklop generatorjev ali celo nastavite mirna obdobja, da preprečite vklop generatorja sredi noči. Z VRM lahko spremenite katero koli nastavitev, sledite alarmom, izvedete diagnostične preglede in rešite izzive od koderkoli.
Oglejte si vse naše naprave GX
Lynx Smart BMS je namenski sistem za upravljanje akumulatorjev za pametne litijeve akumulatorje Victron (za litijeve akumulatorje, ki niso znamke Victron, glej spodaj). Za našo serijo pametnih litijevih akumulatorjev je na voljo več BMS-ov, Lynx Smart pa je najbolj funkcijsko bogata in popolna možnost. Njegove glavne značilnosti so:
Namenski sistem za upravljanje akumulatorjev (BMS) ščiti litijeve pametne akumulatorje Victron pred globokimi praznjenji, prekomernim polnjenjem in visokimi temperaturami. Ko so kritične vrednosti presežene, deluje BMS takoj: v primeru globokega praznjenja se obremenitve fizično odklopijo, ko pa obstaja tveganje prenapolnjenosti, se polnjenje ustavi. Visoke temperature sprožijo takojšen konec tako polnjenja kot praznjenja.
Spremljanje akumulatorja je vgrajeno v Lynx Smart BMS; ni potreben ločen monitor akumulatorja. Z Bluetooth-om je mogoče spremljati baterijski sklop prek VictronConnect, ko je povezan z napravo GX, tudi z VRM, našo rešitvijo za daljinsko spremljanje.
Ta izdelek je del modularnega zbiralčnega sistema Lynx, ki ga oskrbuje tudi razdelilnik Lynx, ki je modularna zbiralka z enosmernim tokom s 4 DC varovalkami in spremlja njihovo stanje v VictronConnect in VRM ter drugih enosmernih povezavah za distribucijo, združevanje, spremljanje akumulatorja in/ali upravljanje litijevega akumulatorja.
Zbiralčni sistem Lynx se lahko uporablja tudi za distribucijo enosmernega toka in spremljanje litijevih akumulatorjev, ki niso Victron. V tem primeru zamenjajte Lynx Smart BMS z Lynx Shunt VE.Can za spremljenje katerega koli drugega akumulatorja. Oglejte si vse module Lynx
Poraba energije se bo razlikovala od jahte do jahte ter od lastnika do lastnika. Optimalen energetski načrt bi moral biti vedno zasnovan glede na posebnosti križarja. Vendar za začetek navajamo dva primera - z normalno in težjo dnevno porabo energije - optimalne energije za motorne križarje.
Upoštevajte, da je pri zasnovi in namestitvi vaše optimalne rešitve treba vključiti še veliko več dejavnikov: vaš strokovnjak za izdelke Victron vam bo pri tem z veseljem pomagal.
Naša dobro uveljavljena mreža lokalnih strokovnjakov podjetja Victron je namenjena iskanju optimalne rešitve za vaš izziv.
Pri podjetju Victron nam je pomembno, da strankam nudimo hitro in dosledno storitev ter podporo. Zato naša svetovna mreža strokovnjakov podjetja Victron zagotavlja najvišjo raven tehničnega znanja in izkušenj ter se zavezuje, da bo opravila popravila kakor hitro je mogoče.
Zato lahko začnete ali nadaljujete svoje potovanje, kamorkoli ste že namenjeni.
4 osebe